Glossary
The lending vocabulary, defined for lenders.
Most explanations of these terms are written for borrowers. These are written for the credit desk: the formula, the regulation where one exists, and how the signal is actually used in underwriting.
FOIR
Fixed Obligations to Income Ratio: the share of monthly income committed to fixed repayments.
DPD and roll rates
Days Past Due buckets, RBI SMA classification, and how balances migrate between buckets.
Early Warning Signals (EWS)
The RBI mandated framework for detecting borrower stress and potential fraud early.
Account Aggregator (AA)
The RBI licensed consent framework for sharing financial data between institutions.
GST turnover vs banked credits
Benchmarking GSTN declared turnover against revenue actually landing in the bank.
Circular transactions
Funds cycling through related accounts to fake turnover or prop up balances.
Enquiry stacking
A burst of bureau enquiries across lenders in a short window, read as credit hunger.
Obligation mapping
Reconciling bureau tradelines against the repayment debits visible in the banking.
Working capital cycle
The days a business takes to turn operational spending back into collected cash.
EOD balance analysis
Reading end of day balances for liquidity, discipline and window dressing.
See these signals on your own cases.
Every term here is a field in a Fiscus report. Run a parallel evaluation and read them off your own book.